Testing Requirements
1. Standards for the Detection of Five Soluble Heavy Metals
Canada SOR/2016 - 195 "Toy Safety Regulations"
For soluble compounds of five heavy metals - antimony, arsenic, cadmium, selenium, or barium, the limit is 1000 ppm.
2. Standards for the Detection of Eight Soluble Heavy Metals
Eight soluble heavy metal elements: antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium
● China: GB 6675.4 - 2014 "Toy Safety - Part 4: Migration of Certain Elements"
The migration limits of certain elements in different toy materials are specified. For example, for modeling clay and other toy materials (excluding modeling clay and finger paints), the limits of specific elements vary. (Note: The migration of specific elements in finger paints is specified in specific requirement standards.)
|
Toy Materials |
Antimony (Sb) (mg/kg) |
Arsenic (As) (mg/kg) |
Barium (Ba) (mg/kg) |
Cadmium (Cd) (mg/kg) |
Chromium (Cr) (mg/kg) |
Lead (Pb) (mg/kg) |
Mercury (Hg) (mg/kg) |
Selenium (Se) (mg/kg) |
| Modeling Clay | 60 | 25 | 250 | 50 | 25 | 90 | 25 | 500 |
| Other Toy Materials (except Modeling Clay and Finger Paints) | 60 | 25 | 1000 | 75 | 60 | 90 | 60 | 500 |
|
Note: Migration of specific elements in finger paints is specified in specific requirement standards. |
||||||||
● International: ISO 8124 - 3:2020 "Toy Safety - Part 3: Migration of Certain Elements"
Similar to the Chinese standard, it stipulates the migration limits of antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium in different toy materials. (Note: The migration of specific elements in finger paints is specified in specific requirement standards.)
|
Toy Materials |
Antimony (Sb) (mg/kg) |
Arsenic (As) (mg/kg) |
Barium (Ba) (mg/kg) |
Cadmium (Cd) (mg/kg) |
Chromium (Cr) (mg/kg) |
Lead (Pb) (mg/kg) |
Mercury (Hg) (mg/kg) |
Selenium (Se) (mg/kg) |
| Modeling Clay | 60 | 25 | 250 | 50 | 25 | 90 | 25 | 500 |
| Other Toy Materials (except Modeling Clay and Finger Paints) | 60 | 25 | 1000 | 75 | 60 | 90 | 60 | 500 |
|
Note: Migration of specific elements in finger paints is specified in specific requirement standards. |
||||||||
● United States: ASTM F963 - 17 American Toy Standard
Sb (Antimony) (< 60 ppm)
As (Arsenic) (< 25 ppm)
Ba (Barium) (< 1000 ppm)
Cd (Cadmium) (< 75 ppm)
Cr (Chromium) (< 60 ppm)
Pb (Lead) (< 90 ppm)
Hg (Mercury) (< 60 ppm)
Se (Selenium) (< 500 ppm)
3. Nineteen Soluble Heavy Metal Detection Items and Standards
According to standards and specifications such as EN 71 - 3 - 2019+A1 - 2021 "Toy Safety - Part 3: Migration of Certain Elements", the nineteen soluble heavy metal detection items include: aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, boron, cadmium, chromium (III), chromium (VI), cobalt, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, selenium, strontium, tin, organotin, and zinc. Different limits are set for different types of toy materials (such as dry, powdered or soft toy materials, liquid or viscous toy materials, and scrape - able toy materials).
|
Element |
Class I: Dry, Powdered or Soft Toy Materials (mg/kg) |
Class II: Liquid or Viscous Toy Materials (mg/kg) |
Class III: Scrape - able Toy Materials (mg/kg) |
| Aluminium (Al) | 5625 / 2250a | 1406 / 560a | 70000 / 28130a |
| Antimony (Sb) | 45 | 11.3 | 560 |
| Arsenic (As) | 3.8 | 0.9 | 47 |
| Barium (Ba) | 1500 | 375 | 18750 |
| Boron (B) | 1200 | 300 | 15000 |
| Cadmium (Cd) | 1.3 | 0.3 | 17 |
| Chromium (III) (Cr III) | 37.5 | 9.4 | 460 |
| Chromium (VI) (Cr VI) | 0.02 | 0.005 | 0.053 |
| Cobalt (Co) | 10.5 | 2.6 | 130 |
| Copper (Cu) | 622.5 | 156 | 7700 |
| Lead (Pb) | 2.0 | 0.5 | 23 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 1200 | 300 | 15000 |
| Mercury (Hg) | 7.5 | 1.9 | 94 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 75 | 18.8 | 930 |
| Selenium (Se) | 37.5 | 9.4 | 460 |
| Strontium (Sr) | 4500 | 1125 | 56000 |
| Tin (Sn) | 15000 | 3750 | 180000 |
| Organotin | 0.9 | 0.2 | 12 |
| Zinc (Zn) | 3750 | 938 | 46000 |